Almost periodic functions serve as a powerful conceptual framework in analysing differential equations whose coefficients or forcing terms exhibit recurrent behaviour over time. Rooted in the ...

Fuzzy differential equations (FDEs) extend classical differential equations by incorporating uncertainty through fuzzy numbers. This mathematical framework is particularly valuable for modelling ...

Sometimes, it’s easy for a computer to predict the future. Simple phenomena, such as how sap flows down a tree trunk, are straightforward and can be captured in a few lines of code using what ...