According to the environment modeling approach, path planning algorithms of micro-/nanorobots are classified into searching, sampling, and dynamic aspects. The searching path planning algorithms ...
The heuristic function \(\eta_{ij} \left( t \right)\) was calculated based on the distance and angle from the current node to the target node. It makes path search more directional. A pheromone ...
Path planning is crucial for automatic measurement to ensure a collision-free process for manipulators. However, the more complex the measurement environment, the more complex the path planning scheme ...