What are the main differences between chemical etching and other metal shaping methods? Researchers at the Karlsruhe ...

Mass-change processes are characterized by the removal of material through the use of mechanical, thermal, chemical, or electrical energy. 1 In most instances, the workpiece density is not altered; ...

Abrasive water-jet (AWJ) coating removal processes are emerging as a greener alternative to acid baths and grit blasting • Abrasive water-jet systems use CNC programming for repeatable removal of ...

SCHUNK’s AOV, MFT-R, and PCFC tool units make the changeover to automated surface machining easy and simple. Manufacturers can reduce time and costs, lower the risk of employee injury, and achieve ...

Integrated processes are those that combine more than one specific unit process into a single piece of equipment or into a group of work stations that are operated under unified control (NRC, 1992).