The population of interest in this study was males and females with and without subacromial impingement syndrome. Subjects with no shoulder impairments were recruited from a local university area.

Background The ability to maintain joint stability and motion control of the extremities is important in injury prevention and recovery. Quantitative measurement of proprioception, especially the ...

Background Upper-extremity physical performance tests (PPTs) are frequently employed for athletic screening because they are easily administered in field settings. Knowledge of muscle activity during ...

Background: The Close Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUES test) is a low cost shoulder functional test that could be considered as a complementary and objective clinical outcome for ...