At its simplest, Raman spectroscopy is a light-scattering technique. When monochromatic light, usually from a laser, hits a sample, most of it returns unchanged. But a small portion scatters ...

Upstream process intensification using perfusion cell culture has become a necessity for meeting today’s demand in monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) bioprocessing. By sustaining higher viable cell ...

Drug development often progresses from one phase to the next without considering long-term feasibility, such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and market access. Sustainable success is assured by ...